Xiaoling Hu

Postdoctoral Research Fellow
Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging
MGH/Harvard Medical School
CV / Scholar / Github / arXiv / OpenReview / Linkedin / Twitter

I am maintaining a GitHub repo: Topology-Driven (Deep) Image Analysis. Please feel free to contribute!

I am currently a Postdoctoral Research Fellow at MGH/Harvard Medical School, hosted by Prof. Juan Eugenio Iglesias and Prof. Bruce Fischl.

I obtained my PhD degree from the Department of Computer Science at Stony Brook University. Before that, I obtained my master and bachelor degrees from Tsinghua University and Huazhong University of Science and Technology, respectively.

Research Interests: My research focuses on Machine Learning for Healthcare, with an emphasis on developing core AI/ML algorithms for healthcare applications. In particular, I am interested in:

  1. Topology-Driven Deep Image Analysis: TopoLoss (NeurIPS'19), DMT (ICLR'21), TopoTrigger (ICLR'22), TopoInteraction (ECCV'22), Warping (NeurIPS'22), TopoSemiSeg (ECCV'24)
  2. Learning with Reliability, Interpretability, and Robustness: Consistency Ranking (ICLR'23), Structural Uncertainty (ICLR'23, NeurIPS'23), , Calibrating Count (ICCV'23), Hierarchical Uncertainty Estimation (ICLR'25)
  3. Multimodal AI and Generative AI (GenAI) for Healthcare: Brain-ID (ECCV'24), RankByGene (arXiv'24), TopoCellGen (CVPR'25), Learn2Synth (ICCV'25)
  4. Healthcare Applications: Modality-Agnostic Tumor Segmentation (ICCV'23), Anomaly-Guided Lesion Segmentation (MedIA'24), Scalable MRI Segmentation (arXiv'25)
Email Address: xihu3 at mgh dot harvard dot edu

Contact Address: 149 13th St, Charlestown, MA 02129

Mentoring

  • Chen Li (Ph.D. student at Department of BMI, Stony Brook University)
  • Meilong Xu (Ph.D. student at Department of CS, Stony Brook University)
  • Wentao Huang (Ph.D. student at Department of CS, Stony Brook University)
  • Qingqiao Hu (Ph.D. student at Department of CS, Stony Brook University)
  • Recent Services

  • Area Chair, MICCAI 2025
  • Area Chair, NeurIPS 2025
  • Organizer

  • MICCAI 2025 Workshop on Topology- and Graph-Informed Imaging Informatics (TGI3)
  • MICCAI 2024 Workshop on The First Workshop on Topology- and Graph-Informed Imaging Informatics (TGI3)
  • MICCAI 2023 Tutorial on Topology-Driven Image Analysis
  • Selected Publications (Full Publications)

    (* denotes equal contributions, _ denotes students (co-)mentored by me, denotes (co)-senior supervision)

    Preprints

    NEW! Scalable Segmentation for Ultra-High-Resolution Brain MR Images
    Xiaoling Hu, Peirong Liu, Dina Zemlyanker, Jonathan Williams Ramirez, Oula Puonti, Juan Eugenio Iglesias
    Tech report
    arXiv Code

    NEW! RankByGene: Gene-Guided Histopathology Representation Learning Through Cross-Modal Ranking Consistency
    Wentao Huang, Meilong Xu, Xiaoling Hu, ..., Chao Chen
    Tech report
    arXiv

    Deep Statistic Shape Model for Myocardium Segmentation
    Xiaoling Hu, Xiao Chen, Yikang Liu, Eric Z. Chen, Terrence Chen, Shanhui Sun
    Tech report
    arXiv

    Papers

    NEW! Learn2Synth: Learning Optimal Data Synthesis using Hypergradients for Brain Image Segmentation
    Xiaoling Hu, Xiangrui Zeng, Oula Puonti, Juan Eugenio Iglesias, Bruce Fischl, Yaël Balbastre
    International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV), 2025
    Paper Code

    NEW! TopoCellGen: Generating Histopathology Cell Topology with a Diffusion Model
    Meilong Xu, Saumya Gupta, Xiaoling Hu, Chen Li, Shahira Abousamra, Dimitris Samaras, Prateek Prasanna, Chao Chen
    The IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR), 2025 (Oral Presentation, acceptance rate < 1%)
    Short version is also presented at CVPR 2025 Workshop GMCV
    Paper Code Slide Poster

    NEW! Hierarchical Uncertainty Estimation for Learning-based Registration in Neuroimaging
    Xiaoling Hu, Karthik Gopinath, Peirong Liu, Malte Hoffmann, Koen Van Leemput, Oula Puonti, Juan Eugenio Iglesias
    International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR), 2025
    Paper OpenReview Code Slide Poster

    Semi-supervised Segmentation of Histopathology Images with Noise-Aware Topological Consistency
    Meilong Xu, Xiaoling Hu, Saumya Gupta, Shahira Abousamra, Chao Chen
    European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), 2024
    Paper Code Slide Poster

    Brain-ID: Learning Contrast-agnostic Anatomical Representations for Brain Imaging
    Peirong Liu, Oula Puonti, Xiaoling Hu, Daniel C. Alexander, Juan Eugenio Iglesias
    European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), 2024
    Paper Code

    Registration by Regression (RbR): a framework for interpretable and flexible atlas registration
    Karthik Gopinath*, Xiaoling Hu*, Malte Hoffmann, Oula Puonti, Juan Eugenio Iglesias
    Workshop on Biomedical Image Registration-MICCAI (WBIR), 2024
    Paper Code

    Spatial Diffusion for Cell Layout Generation
    Chen Li, Xiaoling Hu, Shahira Abousamra, Meilong Xu, Chao Chen
    International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention (MICCAI), 2024
    Paper Review Code

    Hard Negative Sample Mining for Whole Slide Image Classification
    Wentao Huang, Xiaoling Hu, Shahira Abousamra, Prateek Prasanna, Chao Chen
    International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention (MICCAI), 2024
    Paper Review Code

    Semi-Supervised Contrastive VAE for Disentanglement of Digital Pathology Images
    Mahmudul Hasan, Xiaoling Hu, Shahira Abousamra, Prateek Prasanna, Joel Saltz, Chao Chen
    International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention (MICCAI), 2024
    Paper Review Code

    Anomaly-guided weakly supervised lesion segmentation on retinal OCT images
    Jiaqi Yang, Nitish Mehtac, Gozde Demirci, Xiaoling Hu, Meera S. Ramakrishnan, Mina Naguib, Chao Chen, Chia-Ling Tsai
    Medical Image Analysis (MedIA), 2024
    Paper

    Topology-Aware Uncertainty for Image Segmentation
    Saumya Gupta, Yikai Zhang, Xiaoling Hu, Prateek Prasanna, Chao Chen
    Thirty-seventh Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS), 2023
    Short version is also presented at NeurReps Workshop
    Paper Code Poster

    Calibrating Uncertainty for Semi-Supervised Crowd Counting
    Chen Li, Xiaoling Hu, Shahira Abousamra, Chao Chen
    International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV), 2023
    Paper Code Slide Poster

    Enhancing Modality-Agnostic Representations via Meta-Learning for Brain Tumor Segmentation
    Aishik Konwer, Xiaoling Hu, Xuan Xu, Joseph Bae, Chao Chen, Prateek Prasanna
    International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV), 2023
    Paper Slide

    Learning Probabilistic Topological Representations Using Discrete Morse Theory
    Xiaoling Hu, Dimitris Samaras, Chao Chen
    International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR), 2023 (Spotlight Presentation, notable-top-25% of accepted papers)
    Short version is selected as Oral Presentation at Medical Imaging meets NeurIPS Workshop
    Paper OpenReview Code Slide Poster

    Confidence Estimation Using Unlabeled Data
    Chen Li, Xiaoling Hu, Chao Chen
    International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR), 2023
    Paper OpenReview Code Slide Poster

    Structure-Aware Image Segmentation with Homotopy Warping
    Xiaoling Hu
    Thirty-sixth Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS), 2022
    Paper OpenReview Code Slide Poster

    Learning Topological Interactions for Multi-Class Medical Image Segmentation
    Saumya Gupta*, Xiaoling Hu*, ..., Prateek Prasanna, Chao Chen
    European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), 2022 (Oral Presentation, acceptance rate 2.7%)
    Paper Code Slide Poster

    Trigger Hunting with a Topological Prior for Trojan Detection
    Xiaoling Hu, Xiao Lin, Michael Cogswell, Yi Yao, Susmit Jha, Chao Chen
    International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR), 2022
    Paper OpenReview Code Slide Poster

    A Manifold View of Adversarial Risk
    Wenjia Zhang, Yikai Zhang, Xiaoling Hu, Mayank Goswami, Chao Chen, Dimitris Metaxas
    International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Statistics (AISTATS), 2022
    Paper Code

    A Topology-Attention ConvLSTM Network and Its Application to EM Images
    Jiaqi Yang*, Xiaoling Hu*, Chao Chen, Chia-Ling Tsai
    International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention (MICCAI), 2021
    Paper Review Code Slide Poster

    Topology-aware Segmentation Using Discrete Morse Theory
    Xiaoling Hu, Yusu Wang, Li Fuxin, Dimitris Samaras, Chao Chen
    International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR), 2021 (Spotlight Presentation, acceptance rate 5.6%)
    Paper OpenReview Code Slide Poster

    3D Topology-Preserving Segmentation with Compound Multi-Slice Representation
    Jiaqi Yang*, Xiaoling Hu*, Chao Chen, Chia-Ling Tsai
    IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging (ISBI), 2021
    Paper Poster

    Topology-Preserving Deep Image Segmentation
    Xiaoling Hu, Li Fuxin, Dimitris Samaras, Chao Chen
    Thirty-third Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS), 2019
    Paper Code Slide Poster

    Thesis

    Learning Topological Representations for Deep Image Understanding
    Xiaoling Hu
    PhD Dissertation
    pdf ProQuest Slide

    Awards

    Catacosinos Fellowship, 2023

    Industry Experience


    Allen Institute (May 2022 - Aug. 2022)
    Topology-Aware Image Segmentation

    United Imaging Intelligence (UII) (May 2021 - Aug. 2021)
    Deep Shape Model Based Network

    Tencent Youtu Lab (June 2017 - Jan. 2018)
    Object Detection and Clothes Search

    Reading Group

    Topology Data Analysis Reading Group