Xiaoling Hu

Postdoctoral Research Fellow

Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging

Massachusetts General Hospital & Harvard Medical School

CV / Scholar / Github / arXiv / OpenReview / Linkedin

I pioneer Topology-Driven Deep Image Analysis. Please feel free to contribute to the GitHub repo!

I am currently a Postdoctoral Research Fellow at Massachusetts General Hospital & Harvard Medical School, hosted by Prof. Juan Eugenio Iglesias and Prof. Bruce Fischl.

I obtained my PhD degree from the Department of Computer Science at Stony Brook University. Before that, I obtained my master and bachelor degrees from Tsinghua University and Huazhong University of Science and Technology, respectively. I was selected as a 2023 Catacosinos Fellow.

A short bio used for introductions, announcements, etc.

Xiaoling Hu is a postdoctoral research fellow at Harvard Medical School. He received his Ph.D. in Computer Science from Stony Brook University. His research focuses on Machine Learning for Healthcare, with an emphasis on developing core AI/ML algorithms for healthcare applications. His work has been published in leading venues across machine learning, computer vision, and medical imaging, including NeurIPS, ICLR, AISTATS, CVPR, ICCV, ECCV, Medical Image Analysis, and MICCAI. Several of his papers have been selected for oral or spotlight presentations. Xiaoling has organized multiple tutorials and workshops at top-tier conferences and served as Area Chairs for venues such as NeurIPS, CVPR, AISTATS, and MICCAI. He is also a recipient of the prestigious Catacosinos Fellowship, awarded to SBU graduate students with exceptional research achievements. More information can be found on his website: https://huxiaoling.github.io/.

Research Interests: My research focuses on Machine Learning for Healthcare, with an emphasis on developing core AI/ML algorithms for healthcare applications. In particular, I am interested in:

Topology-Driven Deep Image Analysis: TopoLoss (NeurIPS'19), DMT (ICLR'21), TopoTrigger (ICLR'22), TopoInteraction (ECCV'22), Warping (NeurIPS'22), TopoSemiSeg (ECCV'24, NeurIPS'25)

Trustworthy Machine Learning: Consistency Ranking (ICLR'23), Structural Uncertainty (ICLR'23, NeurIPS'23), Calibrating Count (ICCV'23), Uncertainty Estimation for Registration (ICLR'25, arXiv'25)

Multimodal AI and Generative AI (GenAI): Brain-ID (ECCV'24), RankByGene (arXiv'24), TopoCellGen (CVPR'25), Learn2Synth (ICCV'25)

Healthcare Applications: Modality-Agnostic Tumor Segmentation (ICCV'23), Anomaly-Guided Lesion Segmentation (MedIA'24), Learn2Upscale (arXiv'25)

Email Address: xihu3 at mgh dot harvard dot edu

Contact Address: 149 13th St, Charlestown, MA 02129

Mentoring

Chen Li (Ph.D. student at Department of BMI, Stony Brook University)

Meilong Xu (Ph.D. student at Department of CS, Stony Brook University)

Wentao Huang (Ph.D. student at Department of CS, Stony Brook University)

Qingqiao Hu (Ph.D. student at Department of CS, Stony Brook University)

Kehan Qi (Ph.D. student at Department of BMI, Stony Brook University)

Recent Services

Area Chair, MICCAI 2025, 2026

Area Chair, NeurIPS 2025

Area Chair, CVPR 2026

Area Chair, AISTATS 2026

Organizer

MICCAI 2025 Workshop on Topology- and Graph-Informed Imaging Informatics (TGI3)

MICCAI 2024 Workshop on The First Workshop on Topology- and Graph-Informed Imaging Informatics (TGI3)

MICCAI 2023 Tutorial on Topology-Driven Image Analysis

Selected Publications (Full Publications)

(* denotes equal contributions, _ denotes students (co-)mentored by me, ^‡ denotes (co)-senior supervision)

Preprints

	Learning to Upscale 3D Segmentations in Neuroimaging Xiaoling Hu, Peirong Liu, Dina Zemlyanker, Jonathan Williams Ramirez, Oula Puonti, Juan Eugenio Iglesias Tech report arXiv
	Unrolled Networks are Conditional Probability Flows in MRI Reconstruction Kehan Qi, Saumya Gupta, Xiaoling Hu, Qingqiao Hu, Weimin Lyu, Chao Chen Tech report arXiv
	LoC-Path: Learning to Compress for Pathology Multimodal Large Language Models Qingqiao Hu, Weimin Lyu, Meilong Xu, Kehan Qi, Xiaoling Hu, Saumya Gupta, Jiawei Zhou, Chao Chen Tech report arXiv
	Uncertainty Estimation for Pretrained Medical Image Registration Models via Transformation Equivariance Lin Tian, Xiaoling Hu, Juan Eugenio Iglesias Tech report arXiv
	Bézier Meets Diffusion: Robust Generation Across Domains for Medical Image Segmentation Chen Li, Meilong Xu, Xiaoling Hu, Weimin Lyu, Chao Chen Tech report arXiv
	RankByGene: Gene-Guided Histopathology Representation Learning Through Cross-Modal Ranking Consistency Wentao Huang, Meilong Xu, Xiaoling Hu, ..., Chao Chen Tech report arXiv
	Deep Statistic Shape Model for Myocardium Segmentation Xiaoling Hu, Xiao Chen, Yikang Liu, Eric Z. Chen, Terrence Chen, Shanhui Sun Tech report arXiv

Papers

	NEW! MATCH: Multi-faceted Adaptive Topo-Consistency for Semi-Supervised Histopathology Segmentation Meilong Xu, Xiaoling Hu*, Shahira Abousamra, Chen Li, Chao Chen Thirty-Ninth Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS), 2025 Short version is selected as Oral Presentation at Imageomics Workshop at NeurIPS 2025* arXiv OpenReview Code Slide Poster
	*NEW! Learn2Synth: Learning Optimal Data Synthesis Using Hypergradients for Brain Image Segmentation* Xiaoling Hu, Xiangrui Zeng, Oula Puonti, Juan Eugenio Iglesias, Bruce Fischl^‡, Yaël Balbastre^‡ International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV), 2025 Paper arXiv Code Slide Poster
	*NEW! TopoCellGen: Generating Histopathology Cell Topology with a Diffusion Model* Meilong Xu, Saumya Gupta, Xiaoling Hu, Chen Li, Shahira Abousamra, Dimitris Samaras, Prateek Prasanna, Chao Chen The IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR), 2025 (Oral Presentation, acceptance rate < 1%) Short version is also presented at CVPR 2025 Workshop GMCV Paper arXiv Code Slide Poster
	NEW! Hierarchical Uncertainty Estimation for Learning-based Registration in Neuroimaging Xiaoling Hu, Karthik Gopinath, Peirong Liu, Malte Hoffmann, Koen Van Leemput, Oula Puonti^‡, Juan Eugenio Iglesias^‡ International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR), 2025 Paper arXiv OpenReview Code Slide Poster
	Semi-supervised Segmentation of Histopathology Images with Noise-Aware Topological Consistency Meilong Xu, Xiaoling Hu, Saumya Gupta, Shahira Abousamra, Chao Chen European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), 2024 Paper arXiv Code Slide Poster
	Brain-ID: Learning Contrast-agnostic Anatomical Representations for Brain Imaging Peirong Liu, Oula Puonti, Xiaoling Hu, Daniel C. Alexander, Juan Eugenio Iglesias European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), 2024 Paper arXiv Code
	Registration by Regression (RbR): a framework for interpretable and flexible atlas registration Karthik Gopinath, Xiaoling Hu*, Malte Hoffmann, Oula Puonti^‡, Juan Eugenio Iglesias^‡ Workshop on Biomedical Image Registration-MICCAI (WBIR)*, 2024 Paper Code
	Spatial Diffusion for Cell Layout Generation Chen Li, Xiaoling Hu, Shahira Abousamra, Meilong Xu, Chao Chen International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention (MICCAI), 2024 Paper Review Code
	Hard Negative Sample Mining for Whole Slide Image Classification Wentao Huang, Xiaoling Hu, Shahira Abousamra, Prateek Prasanna, Chao Chen International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention (MICCAI), 2024 Paper Review Code
	Semi-Supervised Contrastive VAE for Disentanglement of Digital Pathology Images Mahmudul Hasan, Xiaoling Hu, Shahira Abousamra, Prateek Prasanna, Joel Saltz, Chao Chen International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention (MICCAI), 2024 Paper Review Code
	Anomaly-guided weakly supervised lesion segmentation on retinal OCT images Jiaqi Yang, Nitish Mehtac, Gozde Demirci, Xiaoling Hu, Meera S. Ramakrishnan, Mina Naguib, Chao Chen, Chia-Ling Tsai Medical Image Analysis (MedIA), 2024 Paper
	Topology-Aware Uncertainty for Image Segmentation Saumya Gupta, Yikai Zhang, Xiaoling Hu, Prateek Prasanna, Chao Chen Thirty-Seventh Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS), 2023 Short version is also presented at NeurReps Workshop Paper arXiv Code Poster
	Calibrating Uncertainty for Semi-Supervised Crowd Counting Chen Li, Xiaoling Hu, Shahira Abousamra, Chao Chen International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV), 2023 Paper arXiv Code Slide Poster
	Enhancing Modality-Agnostic Representations via Meta-Learning for Brain Tumor Segmentation Aishik Konwer, Xiaoling Hu, Xuan Xu, Joseph Bae, Chao Chen, Prateek Prasanna International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV), 2023 Paper arXiv Slide
	Learning Probabilistic Topological Representations Using Discrete Morse Theory Xiaoling Hu, Dimitris Samaras, Chao Chen International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR), 2023 (Spotlight Presentation, notable-top-25% of accepted papers) Short version is selected as Oral Presentation* at Medical Imaging meets NeurIPS Workshop* Paper arXiv OpenReview Code Slide Poster
	Confidence Estimation Using Unlabeled Data Chen Li, Xiaoling Hu, Chao Chen International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR), 2023 Paper arXiv OpenReview Code Slide Poster
	Structure-Aware Image Segmentation with Homotopy Warping Xiaoling Hu Thirty-Sixth Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS), 2022 Paper arXiv OpenReview Code Slide Poster
	Learning Topological Interactions for Multi-Class Medical Image Segmentation Saumya Gupta, Xiaoling Hu*, ..., Prateek Prasanna, Chao Chen European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), 2022 (Oral Presentation, acceptance rate 2.7%*) Paper arXiv Code Slide Poster
	Trigger Hunting with a Topological Prior for Trojan Detection Xiaoling Hu, Xiao Lin, Michael Cogswell, Yi Yao, Susmit Jha, Chao Chen International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR), 2022 Paper arXiv OpenReview Code Slide Poster
	A Manifold View of Adversarial Risk Wenjia Zhang, Yikai Zhang, Xiaoling Hu, Mayank Goswami, Chao Chen, Dimitris Metaxas International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Statistics (AISTATS), 2022 Paper arXiv Code
	A Topology-Attention ConvLSTM Network and Its Application to EM Images Jiaqi Yang, Xiaoling Hu*, Chao Chen, Chia-Ling Tsai International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention (MICCAI)*, 2021 Paper Review Code Slide Poster
	Topology-Aware Segmentation Using Discrete Morse Theory Xiaoling Hu, Yusu Wang, Li Fuxin, Dimitris Samaras, Chao Chen International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR), 2021 (Spotlight Presentation, acceptance rate 5.6%) Paper arXiv OpenReview Code Slide Poster
	Topology-Preserving Deep Image Segmentation Xiaoling Hu, Li Fuxin, Dimitris Samaras, Chao Chen Thirty-Third Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS), 2019 Paper arXiv Code Slide Poster

Thesis

Learning Topological Representations for Deep Image Understanding
Xiaoling Hu
PhD Dissertation
pdf ProQuest Slide

Awards

Catacosinos Fellowship, 2023

Industry Experience

	Allen Institute (May 2022 - Aug. 2022) Topology-Aware Image Segmentation
	United Imaging Intelligence (UII) (May 2021 - Aug. 2021) Deep Shape Model Based Network
	Tencent Youtu Lab (June 2017 - Jan. 2018) Object Detection and Clothes Search

Reading Group

Topology Data Analysis Reading Group